Evaluating Air Quality through Ion Detection: An Application of JEOL Mass Spectrometry in Pollution Studies

Abstract

Spark source mass spectrometry provides a robust approach for multi-element analysis and controlled ion generation, yet its broader applicability remains insufficiently explored. This study evaluates the analytical performance of a JEOL JMS-01BM-2 spark source mass spectrometer using a controlled aluminium reference system and a heterogeneous airborne particulate matter sample. Stable detection of singly and multiply charged ions with reproducible mass-to-charge (m/z) separation is demonstrated across repeated measurements, confirming reliable ion generation and magnetic field-based ion selection. Aluminium is consistently resolved in multiple charge states, while aerosol analysis reveals a complex elemental composition characteristic of polluted urban–industrial atmospheres, including crustal, combustion-related, and trace metallic species. Differences between reference and aerosol samples highlight the influence of sample heterogeneity and electrode materials on ion formation. Although no direct ion implantation experiments are performed, the results establish the conceptual feasibility of adapting the instrument for ion selection processes relevant to implantation research. Simultaneously, the successful characterisation of airborne particulate matter demonstrates the utility of spark source mass spectrometry for qualitative and semi-quantitative air pollution assessment.